ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Group B streptococci (GBS) are the most common cause of sepsis and meningitis in newborns in the United States and Europe, and maternal colonization rate of GBS is the most important factor of group B streptococcal neonatal infections. But, in Korea, studies on the maternal colonization rate of GBS are rare due to low incidence of neonatal group B streptococcal infections, particularly, data on colonization rate of GBS during first trimester is nearly absent. The aim of this study was to establish the rates of maternal carriage of GBS and the distribution of GBS serotypes in first trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: During the period of June to December 1997, we studied women attending private clinic. A total of 309 women in first trimester were enrolled in the study. Cotton swab specimens from vagina and cervix were placed to new Granada tube medium. The new Granada tube medium with specimen swab was incubated in 5% CO2 atmosphere at 35degreesC. For the identification of GBS, the colonies showing orange color on new Granada tube medium were tested with Streptex group B Streptococcus reagent (Wellcome Diagnostics, UK). Serotyping was done by Hemolytic Streptococcus Group B Typing Sera (Denka Seiken, Japan). The typing sera used in this study were Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, and V. RESULTS: Of the pregnant women in first trimester, 2.3% (7/309) were colonized with GBS, and all seven women who colonized GBS were positive in vagina and cervix at the same time. Frequency of serotype III and Ib were 71.4% (5/7) and 29.6% (2/7), respectively. Serotypes Ia, II, VI, and V were absent. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal carriage rate of GBS in first trimester of pregnancy was 2.3%, and serotype III was the most common serotype. Serotypes Ia, II, VI, and V were absent.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Pregnancy , Atmosphere , Cervix Uteri , Citrus sinensis , Colon , Europe , Incidence , Korea , Meningitis , Pregnancy Trimester, First , Pregnant Women , Sepsis , Serotyping , Streptococcal Infections , Streptococcus , Streptococcus agalactiae , United States , VaginaABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recent data suggest that the colonization rate of group B streptococci(GBS) in pregnant women and the incidence of neonatal infections by GBS is increasing trend in Korea, but the antimicrobial susceptibilities and serotypes in pregnant women have not been reported in Korea. So, we studied to define the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and frequency of serotypes of GBS in pregnant women. METHODS: The susceptibility and serotyping of 60 GBS isolates from 27 pregnant women and four isolates from their two neonates were tested by an agar dilution method and agglutination test, respectively. The typing sera used in this study were Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, and V. RESULTS: Minimal inhibitory concentration range of 60 GBS from pregnant women were penicillin G 0.015-0.12 microgram/ml, vancomycin 0.5-2 microgram/ml, clindamycin 0.015-4.0 microgram/ml, chloramphenicol 2-4 microgram/ml, erythromycin 0.015-2 microgram/ml, tetracycline 0.5-256 microgram/ml, cephalothin 0.12-0.25 microgram/ml, ceftriaxone 0.03-0.12 microgram/ml, respectively. The resistance rate of GBS were 6.7% to clindamycin, 0% to erythromycin, and 98.3% to tetracycline. Most of GBS serotypes from pregnant women in decreasing order were Ib(48.3%), Ia(24.1%), III(20.7%). CONCLUSION: All GBS strains isolated from pregnant women are highly susceptible to commonly used antimicrobial agents with the exception of tetracycline. The low prevalence of severe neonatal GBS infections in Korea is not due to the absence of serotype III, but probably due to a low genital carriage rate of GBS by pregnant women.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Agar , Agglutination Tests , Anti-Infective Agents , Ceftriaxone , Cephalothin , Chloramphenicol , Clindamycin , Colon , Erythromycin , Incidence , Korea , Penicillin G , Pregnant Women , Prevalence , Serotyping , Tetracycline , VancomycinABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Endocardial Cushion Defects , Endocardial Cushions , Hernia, DiaphragmaticABSTRACT
PSTT has been established as a separate entity distinct from choriocarcinoma since 1983, because of its different morphological features, biologic behavior and response to chemotherapy. Most cases of PSTT have indolent clinical courses, but there have been several reports showing malignant behavior resulted in death of the patient. We report a case of PSTT showing vaginal metastatis. In biopsy specimen, it was difficult to make differential diagnosis from squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix due to uniform and mononuclear cytologic characteristics. Immunohistochemical stains for hPL and hCG were not typical for either PSTT or choriocarcinoma. We suggest that poorly differentiated PSTT may synthesize the lesser amount of hPL than typical PSTT and it may behave more aggressively.